After I logged back in, I went to check again to see if the issue had been fixed, and now Real-Time Protection and Tamper protection have been disabled and greyed out too. Assuming it was a glitch, I just restarted my computer. Real-Time Protection was still working so I was able to toggle it. After I finished, I went back to re-enable all of the protection settings, and Cloud Protection and File Sampling were both disabled and greyed out saying 'This setting can only be manage by an administrator', which makes no sense since my user is an admin and the only user on this computer. I had to disable it real quick in order to install an app because it kept detecting it as trojan even though it's not (it's literally just a game for further context). Windows Defender has for some reason disabled itself and I can't turn anything on.